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These sedimentary rocks originated as loose grains of rock materials, predominantly quartz but occasionally felspar or some other mineral. These materials, eroded from older rocks, have been sorted and deposited by the physical action of water and sometimes wind, to form beds. Consolidation ensues over millions of years by processes similar to those responsible for the formation of limestones. The cement of sandstone may be rich in various materials; Silica, Iron, Calcium Carbonate, all of which contribute to the final colour and characteristics of the sandstone. Sandstone beds also posses natural jointing systems.
Applications and finishes. Sandstones can be used for structural masonry or in the form of cladding. It is also an ideal paving material. Typical finishes include "sawn" and "clean rubbed". In addition, Sandstone is widely used for rubble walling when other finishes such as split faced or rock faced are common. Performance Most Sandstones have good load bearing and weathering properties. Correct detailing with regard to weather is of prime importance, especially on buildings designed with sloping surfaces and without overhangs. Great care is required in the design of non-ferrous cramps and corbels for fixing to structures. Dimensions Being a natural material Sandstone can be cut to various thicknesses, but for cladding it is usually 75mm. to 100 mm. thick. The length and height are determined by the stone available from any particular quarry. The course height may be limited by the geological formation.
BS 5390- Code of Practice on Stone Masonry.
BS 8298- Code ofpractice for the Design and Installation ofN@ Stone Cladding.
BS-6213 British Standard Guide to die Selection of Constru@ sealants.
BRE Report The Building Sandstone of the British Isles.
BRE Digest 269 The Selection of Natural Building Stones.
Natural Stone Directory-Ealing PublicXions.
BS 5385-Pait 5-Code ofpractice for the Design and Installation of Tenazzo tile and Slab, & stone & composition block flooring.
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